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First published on October 4, 2007
The Counseling Psychologist 2007, doi:10.1177/0011000006295149
© 2007 Division of Counseling Psychology of the American Psychological Association
The Meta-Analysis of Clinical Judgment Project: Effects of Experience on Judgment Accuracy
Paul M. Spengler Ph.D.*,
Michael J. White Ph.D.,
Stefania Aegisdottir Ph.D.,
Alan S. Maugherman Ph.D.,
Linda A. Anderson Ph.D.,
Robert S. Cook Ph.D.,
Cassandra N. Nichols Ph.D.,
Georgios K. Lampropoulos Ph.D.,
Blain S. Walker Ph.D.,
Genna R. Cohen Ph.D.,
and
Jeffrey D. Rush Ph.D.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: pspengle{at}bsu.edu.
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Abstract |
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Clinical and educational experience is one of the most commonly studied variables in clinical judgment research. Contrary to clinicians’ perceptions, clinical judgment researchers have generally concluded that accuracy does not improve with increased education, training, or clinical experience. In this meta-analysis, the authors synthesized results from 75 clinical judgment studies where the experience of 4,607 clinicians was assessed in relation to the accuracy of their judgments about mental health (e.g., diagnosis, prognosis, treatment) and psychological issues (e.g., vocational, personality). The authors found a small but reliable effect, d =.12, showing that experience, whether educational or clinical, is positively associated with judgment accuracy. This small effect was robust across several tested moderator models, indicating experienced counselors and clinicians acquire, in general, almost a 13% increase in their decision-making accuracy, regardless of other factors. Results are discussed in light of their implications for clinical judgment research and for counseling psychology training and practice.
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