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The Counseling Psychologist
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Understanding Adoptive Families

An Integrative Review of Empirical Research and Future Directions for Counseling Psychology

Karen M. O'Brien

University of Maryland, kobrien{at}psyc.umd.edu

Kathy P. Zamostny

University of Maryland

Contrary to societal stereotypes about adoption, this integrative review of published empirical research on adoptive families noted several positive and few negative out-comes with regard to satisfaction with the adoption, familial functioning, and parent-child communication. The critical analysis of 38 studies on adoptive families revealed a prevalence of descriptive passive research designs with concomitant concerns regarding sampling and generalizability. However, despite their limitations, the studies form the foundation for future research that, if replicated, provide support for viewing most adoptive families as resilient. To contribute to the empirical literature on adoption, counseling psychologists should base research in theory, study societal and cultural factors affecting adoptive families, improve methodology, and focus on resiliency and successful out-comes for adoptive families.

The Counseling Psychologist, Vol. 31, No. 6, 679-710 (2003)
DOI: 10.1177/0011000003258086


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